The Legitimacy of Non Reigning Royal Families Read online

  ABOUT THE AUTHOR

  Don Salvatore Ferdinando Antonio Caputo was born in a noble family in 1942 when Italy was a kingdom ruled by the House of Savoy, kings of Italy since the Risorgimento (The Resurgence. The movement for the liberation and political unification of Italy, beginning about 1750 and lasting until 1870), and previously rules of Savoy. However, four years after his birth, monarchy was abolished by popular referendum in June 2, 1946. Italy became a republic.

  At the age of 15, he was brought up in Canada where after he spends his life traveling worldwide and worked in Brazil, Guatemala and Philippines as a prominent director of multinational Corporations. Since he became conscious of politics, there has not been a president who he felt was a satisfactory symbol of the countries visited, and who he could admire as a focus for non-partisan patriotism. This is essentially why he came to support monarchy…..although his enthusiasm for royalty dates from childhood.

  He speaks and writes fluently Italian, English, Spanish, and Portuguese, read French and was educated in Italy, Canada and USA. Don Salvatore is a monarchist that believes that a hereditary Monarchy, with a Sovereign, non-corrupt one with religious values and culture and tradition, conducted with immense kindness and whose role was thrust upon him by accident of birth rather than by being a politician, is the most perfect form of government in a nation.

  Contrary to a Republic's President (like France, USA etc.) the Sovereign will insure the continuity in a time schedule. He/she is always aware about important files and he/she acts to push these files up to their conclusion. That is not the case for a president. When his period will be ended, he will return to the everyday's life and another President will come with his idea and who knows how.

  Mr. Caputo supports the present heads of exiled or non-reigning Houses as de jure sovereigns, this recognition being co-existent with the realization that the institution is more important than a particular claimant. A monarch through the vestiges of that misunderstood Divine right and because of his symbolic paternal role faces a higher responsibility than a state government.

  The justification of the hereditary succession is not only in the upbringing of the future king, not only in the continuity of a line but in the fact that an hereditary ruler does not owe his position to any particular social or interest group, but rather to divine will alone. The formula "by the Grace of God" is a constant reminder to the sovereign that an accident of birth was responsible for his position and must prove his fitness by ceaseless efforts in the cause of justice.

  The monarch is always there, a permanent symbol of the state and man's relationship to it. The modern monarch is often above the fray of partisan politics, an advocate for his nation's principles, if not its specific governmental policies. Today, a monarch may reign but not rule. The interest of monarchy is to serve, to serve the country, the people and not be served.

  It is a misconception to imagine that the monarchy exists in the interests of the monarch. It doesn’t. It exists in the interests of the people. It is sometimes said that Country can never be a really modern state while it still has a monarchy. This of course ignores countries like United Kingdom, Japan, Spain, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, The Netherlands and many others all of which are modern constitutional monarchies in modern countries where majority of the people of those nations have absolutely no intention of removing their monarchy because of the benefits they recognize they derive from it.

  On the subject of disputed successions in former monarchies and concerning non-reigning royals he undertakes “tolerant” attitude of neutrality though not impartiality, in certain cases, he has a candidate he considers the legitimate one. He advocates of the establishment, preservation and restoration of a monarchy and stays neutral on the issue of juridical recognition of reigning and Sovereign Houses, which is of exclusive competence of their respective State Systems and desires exclusively to support their traditional humanitarian commitment at the service of international collaboration.

  Don Salvatore is the Founder and President of “The International Commission and Association on Nobility (TICAN)”:http://www.nobility-association.com/. “Kings have advantages over democratic politicians. Although they must remain popular, they do not have to grub for votes. Unlike American senators, they are not obliged to start raising money for their re-election campaign days after the electorate has voted them in. Inheritance has its privileges, for both rulers and the ruled. For politicians in democracies, the business of government is all too

  often a great game, a chance to strut and posture their little moment on the stage, before retiring to directorships and lecture tours. No such retreat is possible for monarchs, so they are less likely to mess with the dodgy loan, or fool around with the intern”.

  Editorial, The Spectator, 13th February 1999 “The best reason why Monarchy is a strong government is that it is an intelligible government. The mass of mankind understand it, and they hardly anywhere in the world understand any other”.

  Walter Bagehot, The English Constitution, 1867 Front Picture “The Battle of Hastings” by Frank Wilkin (1791-1842)

  Table of Contents

  PREFACE................................................................................................................................ 8

  THE LEGITIMACY OF NON REIGNING ROYAL FAMILIES..................... 9

  Misinterpretation of the Congress of Vienna...................................................................... 11

  Revolution in Latin America..................................................................................................... 12

  Consequences................................................................................................................................ 13

  The Black Nobility........................................................................................................................ 15

  The dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire......................................................................... 16

  Mediatisation................................................................................................................................. 17

  Holy Roman Empire German Mediatisation.................................................................... 18

  THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA, 1814-1815...........................................................19

  Legitimacy in International Law............................................................................................. 21

  International law comes from new sources......................................................................... 21

  International law comes from four sources........................................................................ 21

  Customary International Humanitarian Law..................................................................... 22

  KINGDOM OF WESTPHALIA...................................................................................23

  THE TREATY OF WSTPHALIA................................................................................25

  Westphalia Sovereignty.............................................................................................................. 27

  Modern views on the Westphalia System............................................................................. 27

  MONARCHY.......................................................................................................................29

  De Monarchia................................................................................................................................ 30

  The institution of mo
narchy in Thailand.............................................................................. 31

  Brief Italian Monarchy............................................................................................................... 32

  African Monarchy........................................................................................................................ 33 American Monarchy.................................................................................................................... 33

  Asia Royalty.................................................................................................................................... 34 Type of monarchies ..................................................................................................................... 35

  Absolute monarchy............................................................................................................................. 35

  Limited monarchy.............................................................................................................................. 36

  Constitutional monarchy................................................................................................................... 37

  SOVEREIGNTY.................................................................................................................38

  Indivisibility................................................................................................................................... 39

  Absolutism..................................................................................................................................... 39

  Divine right of kings.................................................................................................................... 39

  Divine right in Asian countries................................................................................................ 39

  The concept of sovereignty to medieval Christendom...................................................... 40

  Sovereignty and Rights in Medieval and Early Modern................................................... 42

  NOBILITY.............................................................................................................................43

  The German Nobility................................................................................................................... 44

  The Italian Nobility...................................................................................................................... 44

  The Papal Nobility........................................................................................................................ 44

  The Russian Nobility................................................................................................................... 45

  The Georgia Nobility................................................................................................................... 45

  The Spanish Nobility................................................................................................................... 46

  The Swedish Nobility.................................................................................................................. 46

  The Albanian Nobility................................................................................................................. 46

  The Mexican nobility................................................................................................................... 46

  Nobility in Eastern countries................................................................................................... 47

  Tradition of Western European justice................................................................................. 48

  Nobility Influence Today............................................................................................................ 48

  Nobility in USA.............................................................................................................................. 49

  The Title of Nobility Clause in USA......................................................................................... 50 Africa royal descent..................................................................................................................... 51

  Sovereign Claims.......................................................................................................................... 51

  NOBILIARY LAW............................................................................................................53

  The legal basis of titles and honors........................................................................................ 54

  TODAY MONARCHY......................................................................................................56

  NON REIGNING DYNASTIES...................................................................................60

  Nobility in Italy............................................................................................................................. 61

  Pretender to a Throne................................................................................................................. 62

  Fons Honorum.............................................................................................................................. 64

  To conclude.................................................................................................................................... 67

  The International Arbitration Tribunal................................................................................ 68

  DYNASTIC LAW...............................................................................................................70

  Dynastic orders............................................................................................................................. 72

  Domain of the sovereign............................................................................................................ 72

  Various dynastic orders............................................................................................................. 73

  Bestowed by non-reigning head of a house.......................................................................... 74

  Salic Law......................................................................................................................................... 75 Female inheritance............................................................................................................................. 75 Legitimist Royal Lines ................................................................................................................ 77

  Line of succession to the former Italian throne.............................................................................. 78

  Line of succession to the former Albanian throne......................................................................... 78

  Line of succession to the former Georgia throne............................................................................ 80

  Line of succession to the former Greek throne............................................................................... 81

  Line of succession to the former French throne............................................................................. 82

  Line of succession to the former Prussia throne............................................................................ 83

  Line of succession to the former Russia throne.............................................................................. 83

  Line of succession to the former Austria/Hungary throne........................................................... 84

  Line of succession to the former Portugal throne.......................................................................... 84

  Line of succession to the former Romania throne..........................................
............................... 85

  Line of succession to the former Bulgaria throne.......................................................................... 85

  Line of succession to the former Japan throne............................................................................... 85

  List of Non-Reigning Monarchies (as per year 2012).................................................................... 86

  TRADITIONAL LEADERS...........................................................................................94 Pretenders of the Sultanate of Sulu ........................................................................................ 95

  Dynastic dispute................................................................................................................................. 95

  Titles and awards................................................................................................................................ 96

  The Constituent Kingdom of Uganda..................................................................................... 96 His Majesty Omukama (King) Rukirabasaija Agutamba Solomon Gafabusa Iguru I............... 98

  CONCESSION ON NOBLE TITLES AND CURRENT LEGAL APPLICATION...................................................................................................................99

  The right to grand noble titles.................................................................................................100

  The unreliability of official list of Italian nobility.............................................................101

  The Golden Book of Italian nobility......................................................................................102

  The nobiliary element in the Catholic Church...................................................................104

  DYNASTIC ORDER OF KNIGHTHOOD........................................................... 106

  Old Dynastic Orders...................................................................................................................109